A hyper-network model for simulating park-and-ride trips

This paper proposes a hyper-network approach for simulating park-and-ride trips assuming elastic travel demand, as regards the mode choice; this model estimates user flows on both road and transit networks by an equilibrium assignment algorithm, which simulates modal split and transfers between road and transit systems (park-and-ride trips) on the network. The hyper-network model is based on dummy links’ cost functions that are able to simulate “on-network” modal split and transfers. An algorithm for solving the equilibrium assignment problem on the hyper-network is proposed and tested on a trial network.