Business Performance in the Digital Economy: An International Comparison among Estonia, Germany, and Spain

This paper analyses the economic and financial performance of IT companies in Estonia, Germany, and Spain amid increasing global digitalisation. Following an international comparative methodology based on profitability and financial strength ratios, the research employs statistical tests (ANOVA) to verify whether a country’s digital maturity directly influences corporate results. The study aims to identify resilient and innovative business models, offering theoretical and applied insights to strengthen the digital ecosystem, in line with the economic development and innovative training goals promoted by the conference.