Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles: Literature Analysis to Identify Barriers to Their Deployment and Possible Mitigation Strategies

This paper aims to identify the main barriers to the deployment of fuel cell electric vehicles and to analyse possible strategies for their mitigation. An analysis of the literature has shown that the potential of this type of zero-emission (at tailpipe) vehicle is high, but that this has not been matched by an equally high diffusion. Based on the reviewed works, it was possible to identify the main barriers to the deployment of hydrogen-based mobility and to indicate some strategies to mitigate them. It emerges that public funding is needed, at least in the start-up phase, to provide refuelling stations and install green hydrogen production facilities. Hydrogen-powered vehicles would, however, be complementary to battery electric vehicles and not a substitute for achieving the decarbonisation goals of road transport.