Se vince giustizia. Nota sulle posizioni teoriche di John Rawls

The sense of justice is based on the con-ception of a well.ordered society that Rawls calls a “social union of social unions”. Under current conditions, it is desirable that legal-political philosophy, pressed by an increasingly difficult pla-netary scenario, should take up the chal-lenge of extending globally the prin-ciples of justice linked with those of freedom aimed at envisioning equitable distributions of costs and benefits similar to those operating within individual states. The underlying idea is that a well-ordered democratic society can repre-sent a far more comprehensive good for every citizen, nationally and internatio-nally, than specific goods that individuals may enjoy if they rely on their own re-sources or are limited to lesser associa-tions. It can certainly be argued that the good of social union, and participation in this broader good governed by justice, would greatly enlarge and intensify the specific good of each individual. A just community, according to Rawls, in con-trast to the social contract theory whose utilitarianism he dislikes, should not pur-sue the greatest possible welfare for the greatest number of people, at the risk of neglecting minorities, but should be founded on a legal-political vision based on the values of universal justice in a “world society of free peoples”.