A lab prototype of pressure control in water distribution networks

A common strategy for leakage reduction in Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) is the use of Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVs). As well known, a relationship between pressure and water losses can be established, according to which reducing pressure results in reduced losses. In many cases pressure is greater than the minimum required for adequate service level, because of the variability of flow and pressure within the WDN. To increase the effectiveness of PRVs, a Real Time Control (RTC) of the regulated pressure can be developed, as pointed out by many researchers. Consequently, in the paper the issues arising from pressure RTC in a WDN is discussed. Laboratory experiments were carried out to assess the capability of the controller to achieve the set point pressure, regardless of the inlet conditions. A numerical model was also developed, showing good agreement with experiments.