In this paper, we highlight and describe four paleosols interbedded in the Middle Pleistocene alluvial succession outcropping along the lower basin of Calore River (Telesina Valley, Campanian Apennines); we also discuss the significance of the paleosols in the Middle Pleistocene evolution of the Valley.The Telesina Valley is a morphostructural depression bordered by carbonatic massifs. The pre-Quaternary bedrock of the valley is tectonically deformed and mainly made of Upper Cretaceous - Lower Pliocene pelitic and arenaceous rocks. The sedimentary infilling of the Telesina Valley rest on this pre-Quaternary rocks. The oldest quaternary deposits consist of carbonatic breccias (Lower Pleistocene?) on which alluvial fan deposits of Middle to Upper Pleistocene ages uncoformably rest. The latter interfinger and partially overlie alluvial gravels, sands and fine deposits of the Calore River of Middle Pleistocene age; a reddish tuff (Guardia Sanframondi Ignimbrite) is interbedded in the upper part of these deposits. An Upper Pleistocene grey tuff (Campanian Ignimbrite) unconformably rests on both quaternary deposits and pre-quaternary bedrock. The lithological succession is completed by Holocene alluvial deposits of the Calore River consisting of silty sands and gravels.The paleosols are interbedded in the upper part of the Calore River Middle Pleistocene alluvial deposits; they are truncated by erosional discontinuities and are directly covered by Guardia Sanframondi Ignimbrite (IGS), whose 39Ar/40Ar radiometric age is 560±2 ka B.P. Thus, the IGS formed during the cold MIS-14. This indicates that the underlying paleosols may have formed during the previous temperate stage (MIS-15) and the erosional discontinuities at the beginning of the MIS-14. Less developed paleosols show well expressed vertic features, while others show clear macroscopic evidences of clay illuviation: these evidences suggest a pedogenesis in a climate with strong seasonality. Literature data highlight that the climate during the MIS-15 was also characterized by abundant rainfall and relatively high temperatures. Notwithstanding these climatic conditions favourable to pedogenetic processes, the paleosols described show a weak or medium degree of pedogenetic evolution, a poor lateral continuity and are localized only in the western part of the basin. Our hypothesis is that the biostasic conditions during the MIS-15 slowed down the alluvial aggradation without stopping it because the uplift of the bounding relieves still supplied large amounts of detritus.
Nella presente nota, vengono segnalati e descritti alcuni paleosuoli intercalati nella successione alluvionale medio-pleistocenica del Fiume Calore (Provincia di Benevento, Appennino campano) e ne viene discusso il significato nell’evoluzione geomorfologica pleistocenica della Valle Telesina. I paleosuoli sono superiormente troncati da superfici erosive fossilizzate da un deposito ignimbritico, a sua volta sepolto da alcuni metri di alluvioni ghiaiose. La datazione radiometrica 39Ar/40Ar a ~560 ka B.P. (MIS-14) dell’ignimbrite consente di ipotizzare una formazione dei paleosuoli nella precedente fase climatica temperata (MIS-15). I paleosuoli, che presentano caratteri tipici di una pedogenesi in ambiente alluvionale e clima caratterizzato da forte stagionalità, mostrano un grado di evoluzione basso o medio-basso, una scarsa estensione laterale ed una ridotta diffusione nella successione. Questi dati evidenziano come le condizioni di stabilità geomorfologica favorevoli alla pedogenesi si verificassero soltanto in determinati settori dell’antico fondovalle e per periodi di tempo relativamente limitati: tali condizioni furono la conseguenza di un decremento ma non di una completa cessazione dell’aggradazione alluvionale durante la fase climatica temperata del MIS-15. La persistenza dell’aggradazione alluvionale nonostante le condizioni biostasiche appare spiegabile con il protrarsi del sollevamento tettonico dei rilievi bordieri e la conseguente erosione dei versanti di neoformazione.
Segnalazione e significato dei paleosuoli nel quadro geomorfologico della Valle Telesina (Benevento, Appennino campano)
MAGLIULO P
;RUSSO F
2005-01-01
Abstract
In this paper, we highlight and describe four paleosols interbedded in the Middle Pleistocene alluvial succession outcropping along the lower basin of Calore River (Telesina Valley, Campanian Apennines); we also discuss the significance of the paleosols in the Middle Pleistocene evolution of the Valley.The Telesina Valley is a morphostructural depression bordered by carbonatic massifs. The pre-Quaternary bedrock of the valley is tectonically deformed and mainly made of Upper Cretaceous - Lower Pliocene pelitic and arenaceous rocks. The sedimentary infilling of the Telesina Valley rest on this pre-Quaternary rocks. The oldest quaternary deposits consist of carbonatic breccias (Lower Pleistocene?) on which alluvial fan deposits of Middle to Upper Pleistocene ages uncoformably rest. The latter interfinger and partially overlie alluvial gravels, sands and fine deposits of the Calore River of Middle Pleistocene age; a reddish tuff (Guardia Sanframondi Ignimbrite) is interbedded in the upper part of these deposits. An Upper Pleistocene grey tuff (Campanian Ignimbrite) unconformably rests on both quaternary deposits and pre-quaternary bedrock. The lithological succession is completed by Holocene alluvial deposits of the Calore River consisting of silty sands and gravels.The paleosols are interbedded in the upper part of the Calore River Middle Pleistocene alluvial deposits; they are truncated by erosional discontinuities and are directly covered by Guardia Sanframondi Ignimbrite (IGS), whose 39Ar/40Ar radiometric age is 560±2 ka B.P. Thus, the IGS formed during the cold MIS-14. This indicates that the underlying paleosols may have formed during the previous temperate stage (MIS-15) and the erosional discontinuities at the beginning of the MIS-14. Less developed paleosols show well expressed vertic features, while others show clear macroscopic evidences of clay illuviation: these evidences suggest a pedogenesis in a climate with strong seasonality. Literature data highlight that the climate during the MIS-15 was also characterized by abundant rainfall and relatively high temperatures. Notwithstanding these climatic conditions favourable to pedogenetic processes, the paleosols described show a weak or medium degree of pedogenetic evolution, a poor lateral continuity and are localized only in the western part of the basin. Our hypothesis is that the biostasic conditions during the MIS-15 slowed down the alluvial aggradation without stopping it because the uplift of the bounding relieves still supplied large amounts of detritus.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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