Globalization and Regional competitiveness: forms and spaces of the competitiveness of the Enterprises of Campania region (Italy)

The diffusion of the globalization’s process, that extended from the products to the markets, from the enterprises to the capitals, from the people to the territories, with the birth of the Net-economy and to the growth of the service economy has drastically modified the sources and the spaces of the enterprises and territory competitiveness at different scales, from global to local level. Then, the modalities of the production organization are changed, but, above all, the geography of production’s spaces and the world trade is changed, for the enlargement of the levels and of the market’s dimensions, not only of production but also of consumption. This have caused a new competition among enterprises and territories that intend themselves as economic and social spaces, with the objective to attract resources, financial investments and greenfields.In this regard, this paper analyzes the processes carring out by Campania Enterprises to answer to the changes in action in the world markets into effect and, above all, to the new global challenges launched by the emergent Asian economies. Such processes include different initiatives both for nature and for economic importance, developing in a variety of intermediary forms that go from the basic ones, such as the direct and indirect exports or the projects of more structured collaborations, up to that more complex as the Ide for acquisitions e/o realizations of plants and structures realized in the foreign countries. The study focuses on the Campania Middle Enterprises, as the larger growth of the productive investments realized out of the Region is due to them.. This research adopts a qualitative-qualitative methodology and uses in the first part the “statistical region” with the purpose to reconstruct the distribution and the geographical and geographical and sectorial of the commercial flows and the foreign investments of the Campania enterprises, also compared to the performances reached by the other Italian Regions. A second empirical investigation wants to individualize the different "models" of internationalization adopted by the Campania enterprises , whose variety must be connected both to "firm specific" factors, and to "territorialized" factors that justify different models of exit strategy.